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There are at least 350 species of shark ranging from the smallest, the pygmy ribbontail catshark (8 to 10 inches long) to the largest, the whale shark (upto 45 feet long)
Sharks are equipped with a special set of sensors, arranged in clusters over their heads, that can pick up electromagnetic currents emitted from other animals. Sharks have bad eyesight, but these sensors help detect prey from 1 to 3 yards away. Sharks can also detect the electromagnetic fields of the Earth and may use this ability to guide them during migration.
Sharks are often thought of as cold-blooded killers that prey on humans. However, only 32 species have been known to attack humans, and most attacks are accidents. Often, sharks inhabit the same shallow, warm-water areas as humans. The shark may mistake a person standing or floating in water for natural prey. The shark goes in for the kill but, after one taste, usually gives up the attack.
Many shark attacks involve people trying to free sharks from fishing nets. Sharks also are territorial animals and may attack if they feel threatened. The chances of being attacked by a shark are very small, and the chances of dying from a shark attack have greatly decreased over the years. In fact, in the United States, a person is 30 times more likely to be killed by lightning than by a shark. Dog bites are 1,000 times more common than shark bites.
Sharks are fished for their fins and cartilage. Shark-fin soup is a popular food in some areas. After the fin is cut off, the rest of the shark is discarded. Shark cartilage is a subject of much scientific study because medicine made from it may stop the growth of tumors. Shark cartilage is sold in pill form as an alternative medicine. Shark finning and fishing for cartilage have caused a decline in populations in some areas of the world. Sharks mature and reproduce slowly, so it is difficult for them to rebound from a decline.
Great white shark: Best known from the movie Jaws, the great white is a large, heavy-bodied shark, about 20 feet long, with large bladelike teeth. Widely the most-feared of sharks, great white attacks are rare, and most scientists agree that its reputation is undeserved. Many scientists believe it is endangered due to sport fishing and shrinking food supplies.
Whale shark: Reaching lengths of up to 50 feet, the whale shark is the largest fish on earth. This gentle giant has small teeth like whale baleen, through which it strains small fish and crustaceans.
Tiger shark: The tiger shark is considered one of the most dangerous sharks. It is about 18 feet long and inhabits shallower water, often where people swim. The diet of tiger sharks varies widely and includes all types of sea life and even garbage.
Blue shark : The graceful blue shark is well known to scuba divers and commercial fishers - they have been seen circling divers and have followed fishing boats for days, eating stray fish.
Mako shark : Short-fin and long-fin makos are close cousins with the great white shark. They are very fast swimmers and can reach speeds of up to 60 miles per hour. Mako sharks can even leap out of the water.
Hammerhead shark : Hammerheads are best known for their distinctive mallet-shaped heads and widely spaced eyes, which they swing back and forth while swimming to detect prey. They are the only species of shark known to travel in schools.
Bull shark : The bull shark gets its name from its snout, which is wider than it is long. It is possibly more dangerous to humans than the great white shark because it lives in shallow, murky water in areas where people swim. The real shark attacks on which the movie and book Jaws were based were done by a bull shark.
海葵的英文简介简单几句就行了
The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is a bird of prey found in North America. A sea eagle,
it has two known sub-species and forms aspecies pair with the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla). Its
range includes most of Canada and Alaska, all of the contiguous United States, and northern
Mexico. It is found near large bodies of open water with an abundant food
supply and old-growth trees for nesting.
The
bald eagle is an opportunistic feeder which subsists mainly on fish, which it swoops down
and snatches from the water with its talons. It builds the largest nest of any North American bird and the
largest tree nests ever recorded for any animal species, up to 4 m
(13 ft) deep, 2.5 m (8.2 ft) wide, and 1 metric ton (1.1 short tons)
in weight.[2] Sexual maturity is attained at the age of four to five
years.
Bald
eagles are not actually bald; the name derives
from an older meaning of "white headed". The adult is mainly brown
with a white head and tail. The sexes are identical in plumage,
but females are about 25 percent larger than males. The beak is large and hooked. The plumage of
the immature is brown.
The
bald eagle is both the national bird and national animal of the United States of America. The
bald eagle appears on its Seal. In the late 20th century it was on
the brink of extirpation in the continental United States.
Populations recovered and the species was removed from the U.S. federal government's list of endangered species on July 12, 1995 and transferred to
the list of threatened species. It was removed from the
List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife in the Lower 48 States
on June 28, 2007.
Sea anemones are a group of water-dwelling, predatory animals of the order Actiniaria; they are named after the anemone, a terrestrial flower. Sea anemones are classified in the phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa, subclass Zoantharia. Anthozoa often have large polyps that allow for digestion of larger prey and also lack a medusa stage. As cnidarians, sea anemones are closely related to corals, jellyfish, tube-dwelling anemones, and Hydra.
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